An Analytical Study of Active and Reactive Powers of STATCOM with PI and DSM-PI Controllers

Abstract

Electricity generation from wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) systems relies heavily on prevailing weather conditions. Their intermittent output nature leads to fluctuations. As a result, there is an increasing need for swift compensation within energy transmission and distribution systems. One solution is the adoption of a Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) for reactive power compensation, aiming to mitigate voltage fluctuation stemming from the system and renewable energy sources. This research delves into modelling a Solar PV-Wind Hybrid Micro-grid and explores how incorporating STATCOM can extend the stable operating limit of the system. A significant contribution of this study lies in implementing sliding control of Proportional Integral (PI) gains through DSM-PI (Dual Sliding Mode Proportional Integral) methodology. This approach yields improved responses and enhanced voltage stability, effectively addressing the nonlinear attributes of solar-wind hybrid microgrids. The Simulink models of the system architecture encompass a 1.5 MW wind turbine model utilising a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), a 0.1 MW solar PV power system model, and a 3 MVAR-rated STATCOM. The results showcase an 8% reduction in voltage fluctuation at the bus bar’s end using a conventional PI controller. A comparative analysis between the outcomes of the DSM-PI controller and the conventional counterpart demonstrates superior performance achieved through the DSM-PI approach.